Part 1. Guts
Nice review article about the great diversity of carbohydrate-modified diets used in the treatment of gastroin-testiness.
Short-chain carbohydrates and functional gastrointestinal disorders (Shepherd, Lomer, and Gibson 2013)
this handy table:
the full version (click to enlarge, print, and use as a cheat sheet):
If you find overly simplistic summaries of complicated diets annoying, skip down to part 2 asap.
All of these diets are carbohydrate-restricted to some degree:
-highest carb: Lactose-free & Fructose-free
-lowest carb: LC
Fruits are another divider:
-Lots of fruit allowed SCD
FODMAPs
FODMAP-friendly foods from Barret 2013:
Potatoes are allowed on Paleo & FODMAPs but not LC.
Gluten-free & casein-free: GAPS, Paleo, LC, & FODMAPs are all GFCF (for the most part). Some minor exceptions for certain dairy products – cheese & yogurt allowed on SCD & LC but not Paleo & FODMAPs. FODMAPs might have room for fermented dairy if most of the lactose is vanquished.
FODMAPs is the most complicated diet, but there are some hints: LC is FODMAPs by default (LC excludes all carbs, while FODMAPs excludes some carbs), and Paleo is pretty close.
The “stone fruits” allowed in LC & Paleo might be problematic for someone on FODMAPs.
From Barrett & Gibson 2012:
The only flaw I see in FODMAPs is inulin
Done. An unofficial executive summary of My tummy hurts
Part 2. GOS: a FODMAPs-friendly inulin alternative, and the most bifidogenic agent on the face of the Earth.
By some lucky quirk of nature, galactooligosaccharides are not metabolized like inulin
We have a lot of bifidobacteria
Just a few grams of GOS per day, and bifidobacteria increase by the thousands to millions (eg, Depeint et al., 2008* and Silk et al., 2008). *I especially like the Depeint paper because they compared two different GOS preparations and show that one in particular (trans-galactooligosaccharides “B-GOS”) was remarkably more effective than Vivinal GOS (the real reason I liked that paper is below).
About a year ago I started ranting about galactooligosaccharides & bifidobacteria, but there weren’t any commercially available GOS products, so my focus was on the next best thing: inulin
Update: Bimuno is available from the UK, and is reasonably well-priced – about twice the cost of inulin per gram but since you only need about half as much, a pretty good deal. *Bimuno = B-GOS, the one that did better in the Depeint paper 😉
A short history of bifidobacteria and galactooligosaccharides courtesy of The poor, misunderstood calorie:
May 11, 2012 a novel gut health diet paradox, Op. 75
May 22, 2012 taking the fun out of FODMAPs
May 28, 2012 Gluten vs. gut bacteria, Op. 78
June 14, 2012 Decepticon Promitor (soluble corn fiber), Op. 81
June 28, 2012 Dark chocolate meets probiotics; the bifidobacteriomance continues
July 9, 2012 The day almonds became interesting.
Jan 6, 2013 Non-sequiter nutrition IV. in vino veritas
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